8th form homework

How to Be a Responsible Shopper

In today`s…………, it`s very easy ……………….. Many people enjoy ………………, but our quest ……………………... Being a responsible shopper means ………….., as well as  knowledge……………………...

First of all, you…………... You should always………………….”, which is a guarantee the goods………………...  It means that you can be sure that workers  ……………………...

Furthermore, be green. It`s a good idea ………………………………….resources, and avoid…………………. The goal is……………………….. Another great option is……………………….. You can find a ………………………………which are often…………………………………... Then, of course, buy products that………………………. Also, try to………………………….

Finally, be …………... You should……………………. It involves ……………………..as well.  Always be …………what you want to buy………………... Then, …………………………………., when they………………………………………..

Lastly, remember………………….. It is not just…………………It is to ……………….

Growing Up

Growing Up

According to UN statistics, by the year 2050, the population of planet Earth will have risen to over 9 billion and feeding all these people will require extra farmland the size of Brazil. The scientists offer the idea of vertical farming.

Vertical farms are a good idea because they don`t take up as much space as traditional farms. That is why, they may be a solution to growing enough food for an increasing population with a lack of farmland. They can be built in cities to allow people to have access to local produce and therefore reduce transport costs. This idea is also environmentally friendly as the farmswill be powered by solar, wind energy and will grow a variety of fruit and vegetables in a solution of nutrients and water. The walls will be made of glass to allow in sunlight. The scientists point out that just one 30-storey building would provide food for 10 000 people.

However, the idea isn`t without its problems. Crops nearer the glass would get more light. That means they would grow quicker than crops farther away. Possible solutions include having a permanent light source on every floor like the ones we now have in industrial greenhouses.

All in all, mankind remembers the stories of The Hanging Gardens of Babylon. There were the structures with lush green gardens on different levels many metres high. These are long gone, but the situation in our modern consumer society isn`t good enough. The population rises and food prices soar. So,it`s a good idea to let a modern-day equivalent of these gardens spring up.

Growing Up

       ………. UN statistics, by the year 2050, the population of planet Earth ……….. billion and feeding all these people ………….. Brazil. The scientists……. .

Vertical ………..idea because they……………. . That is why, they may …………..for …………… farmland. They can ………in cities …… and therefore………….. This idea is also …………as the farms ………….. energy and …………………………and water. The walls ……………………….glass to…………………………….. The scientists ………………..that just one ……………………………….. 10 000 people.

However, the idea isn`t…………………… . Crops nearer the glass………………………… . That means they ………………………… away. Possible ………………………………..on every floor like the ones we now have……………………….. .

         All in all, ………… The Hanging Gardens of Babylon. There were the……………………………………………. These are…………………., but the situation in………………………………………….. The population ……… and food……… . So, it`s a good …………. gardens ……….. up.

The 1950s дом.задание на 4.12.2017

Life in the 21st century is fast-paced and ruled by mobile phones, the Internet and gadgets, so it`s easy to understand why some people long to go back to the simpler times of the past. They like living in a 1950s time warp.

            The 1950s were an era of colourful homes, clothes and accessories, black and white TVs, rock and roll music and traditional values. Some people choose to live as people did back then as only cherishing these times is not for them. They use retro decor in their houses which are full of second-hand vintage appliances. They buy authentic metal kitchen units. That`s why their houses look like a 1950s time capsule. What`s more, they try hard to bring the spirit of 1950s into the 21st century. So, they dress like people in 1950s. For example, women in clothes prefer pencil skirts, white blouses and wide belts. They also never leave houses without their bright lipstick on. Furthermore, they appreciate people. That`s why they look after their elderly neighbours and bake cakes for their friends. They avoid watching TV and reading newspapers as all the violence, greed and materialism make them shudder.

            However, everybody admits to owning and using some 21st century conveniences. There are a lot of things which can`t be kept out of sight. We have an electric kettle, a fridge, a dishwasher and a microwave in our kitchen. Furthermore, we can`t imagine our life without surfing the Internet. Living without mobile telephones and TV seems bland.

            To sum up, every era has its advantages. There is something special in our past while our present life is distressing at times.

 Personally, I `d prefer to live in 1950s as I like being in retreat from the 21st century.  I like authentic old things and accessories like trilby hats and stylish suits. In addition, I respect the values of 50s, the “make do and mend” attitude that is so different from our age of throwaway fashion and ever-changing technology.

Personally, I`d prefer a fast-paced life of 21st century. I`m used to living with all modern conveniences such as laptops, washing machines and dishwashers. I adore ever-changing technology. Besides, I can`t imagine living without my mobile phone and the Internet as they help me communicate with my friends. I can always send a message to my parents when I have any difficulties.

Life in the 21st century is …… and ruled…. , so it`s easy to understand why some people …. They like … warp.

            The 1950s were an era of ……values. Some people choose … as people did back then as only…. . They use … houses which are full of…….. They buy …. units. That`s why their houses look….. What`s more, they try hard…... So, they dress …..1950s. For example, women in clothes prefer…….. They also never ……. Furthermore, they ….. people. That`s why they look …….friends. They avoid ……newspapers as all the…….

            However, everybody admits … and…... There are a lot of things which can`t…. . We have ……in our kitchen. Furthermore, we can`t imagine our life….. . Living …….. bland.

            To sum up, every era has…... There is …… while our present life is……...

 Personally, I`d prefer to live in 1950s as I like ……..  I like …….hats and …. suits. In addition, I …………., the ……. attitude that is so different …..

Personally, I`d prefer a …. life of 21st century. I`m used to … I adore….. Besides, I can`t imagine ….as they help me…... I can always …. when I have….

  

8th form term2

Card 1

You are going to give a talk about shopping at a supermarket. You will have to start in 1,5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10-12 sentences).

Remember to say:

-          how often you shop at a supermarket and why

-          what tricks supermarkets use to tempt us into spending more

-          how you can avoid buying more than you really need

Card 2

You are going to give a talk about shopping. You will have to start in 1,5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10-12 sentences).

Remember to say:

-what kinds of shops you have in your neighbourhood

-which shops you visit most often and what you usually buy there

-if you like shopping; why/why not

Card 3

You are going to give a talk about shopping. You will have to start in 1,5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10-12 sentences).

Remember to say:

-if shopping is an important part of our life and why

-if shopping is more popular with boys or girls and why

-what things you usually buy by yourself

Card 4

You are going to give a talk about shopping. You will have to start in 1,5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10-12 sentences).

Remember to say:

-who does most of the shopping in your family and where

-why shopping at big shopping malls are so popular with customers

-if you prefer shopping with friends or family, why

Card 5

You are going to give a talk about shopping. You will have to start in 1,5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10-12 sentences).

Remember to say:

-why people can’t do without shopping

-what kinds of shops you like most of all and why

-why shopping over the Internet is gaining popularity

Card 6

You are going to give a talk about shopping. You will have to start in 1,5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10-12 sentences).

Remember to say:

-why flea markets are popular with tourists

-what things you like/hate shopping for

-if you had a lot of money, how would you spent it

Card 7

You are going to give a talk about pocket money. You will have to start in 1,5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10-12 sentences).

Remember to say:

-what two viewpoints on pocket money are

-which point of view you support and why

-what you spend your pocket money on

Card 8

You are going to give a talk about shopping. You will have to start in 1,5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes (10-12 sentences).

Remember to say:

-why it is so easy to spend without thinking nowadays

-what responsible shopping involves

If you are a responsible shopper and why

Speaking Test Card4 and Card 5

                                                   Card 4

1.      What are the most important means of Mass Media?

2.      What makes the Internet the most popular media resource nowadays?

3.      Why are there so many programmes and articles about natural disasters, plane crashes, wars, murders and robberies?

4.      What media sources do you usually use and why?

Card 5

1.      What’s the role of television in our life?

2.      What are the two main viewpoints on television?

3.      What kinds of TV programmes do you like and dislike?

4.      When and how many hours a week do you watch TV?

 Sample answer

I enjoy watching a variety of TV programmes, but I just love police dramas like …. I find them really exciting and interesting. I'm not really a fan of soap operas, though, and I can't stand watching reality shows. I think both of these are silly and a waste of time.

Sample answer

I really like watching quite a lot of programmes on TV but I absolutely love documentaries. I think that they are very interesting and sometimes fun. You can learn a lot of things that you would need a great deal of time to find out yourself by researching the internet or looking up in encyclopedias. The fun part lies to the fact that you can find out amazing and sometimes unbelievable things about the world around us. For example, I was amazed to discover that the male seahorse gives birth to the offspring and not the female one.

On the other hand though, I hate watching talk shows or reality shows on TV. I can't understand why so many people watch them. I find them so boring. For me, they're just a waste of time.

 I usually watch TV in the evenings when I have done my homework or during the weekends when have a lot of free time, and to be honest, I sometimes spend quite a lot of hours in front of a TV set. On average, I would say, I spend ten to twelve hours per week watching TV.

Speaking Test 8th form Term1 Card 3

Card 3

1.      What is special about the geographical position of Russia?

2.      What types of climate are there on the territory of Russia?

3.      What’s the climate like in Saint Petersburg?

4.      What’s the best time of the year to visit Saint Petersburg?

The Climate and Weather in Saint Petersburg (basic level)

One of the largest northern cities in the world, Saint Petersburg lies near the Arctic Circle. However, despite its northern location, St Petersburg has a mild climate; it’s temperate and humid. The warm air masses are brought to the city by the winds from the Atlantic Ocean.

 The most attractive time to visit St. Petersburg is so-called “White Nights”, which lasts from late May to mid-July. At this time the sun goes down below the horizon for only a few hours and on the streets at night there is enough light. At this time you can walk around St. Petersburg all night until the morning. 

The Climate and Weather in Saint Petersburg (advanced level)

One of the largest northern cities in the world, Saint Petersburg lies near the Arctic Circle, on the same latitude as the southern part of Alaska and the southern tip of Greenland. However, despite its northern location, St Petersburg has a fairly mild climate; it’s temperate and humid. On the average, the temperature is above the freezing point 222 days a year. This is mainly owing to the warm air masses brought to the city by the winds from the Atlantic Ocean.

The most attractive time to visit St. Petersburg is so-called “White Nights”, which lasts from late May to mid-July. At this time the sun goes down below the horizon for only a few hours and on the streets at night there is enough light. At this time, when the weather is good, you can walk around St. Petersburg all night until the morning.

Speaking Test Term 1 8th form

Speaking Test Term 1 8th form

Card 1

1.      What types of disasters does the humanity suffer from?

2.      What natural disaster is the most destructive from your point of view? Why?

3.      What happens when a natural disaster strikes some place?

Card 2

1.      What types of disasters does the humanity suffer from?

2.      What is the worst natural disaster you have read about?

3.      What can make us safer and reduce the  impact  of  natural  disasters?

What is the worst natural disaster you have read about?

 Sample answer 1 (advanced level)

The worst natural disaster I have read about is the tsunami that hit Japan in March 2011. The largest earthquake in Japan's history triggered а devastating tsunami, which hit the northeastern coast of Japan. The tsunami washed away houses and cars and hurled ships far inland slamming them into whatever lay in their path. Many areas were without electricity. Without power, the cooling system at the Fukushima № 1 Plant failed. Explosions rocked the plant as courageous technicians struggled to prevent a nuclear meltdown. Over 15,000 people died that day and thousands more were missing.

Sample answer 2 (advanced level)

The worst natural disaster I have read about is the tsunami that hit Japan in March 2011. At first, an undersea earthquake struck off the coast of Japan. Soon after, a 10-metre tsunami followed which washed away many houses and cars. The force of the Japan quake was so big that it moved the island by about 2.4 metres. Many nuclear power stations in the areas where the quake struck had to be closed down. Half a million Japanese people evacuated their houses. Over 15,000 people died and thousands more were missing.

Sample answer (basic level)

The worst natural disaster I have read about is the tsunami that hit Japan in March 2011. The tsunami washed away houses and cars. Without electricity, the cooling system at the Fukushima Plant failed. Explosions rocked the plant as technicians struggled to prevent a nuclear meltdown. Over 15,000 people died that day and thousands more were missing.

RUSSIA

The Russian Federation (Advanced level)

The Russian Federation is the largest country in the world. It occupies about one-seventh of the earth's surface. It covers the eastern part of Europe and the northern part of Asia. Its total area is about 17 million square kilometers. The country is washed by 12 seas and 3 oceans: the Pacific, the Arctic and the Atlantic. Russia borders on eighteen states. Among them are Georgia, Norway, Ukraine and Finland.  It also has a sea-border with the USA and Japan.

There are steppes in the south, plains and forests in the midland, tundra and taiga in the north, highlands and deserts in the east. There are over two million rivers in Russia. The Volga is the biggest river in Europe but it is smaller than great Siberian rivers, the Yenisei and the Ob. Russia is rich in beautiful lakes. The world's deepest lake (1,600 meters) is Lake Baikal.

There are several mountain chains on the territory of the country: the Urals, the Caucasus, the Altai and others. The largest mountain chain, the Urals, separates Europe from Asia. Russia has one-sixth of the world's forests. They are concentrated in the European north of the country, in Siberia and in the Far East. On the vast territory of the country there are various types of climate: arctic, subtropical, temperate and continental. Russia is very rich in oil, coal, iron ore, natural gas, copper, nickel and other mineral resources.

Russia is a parliamentary republic. This means that the Head of State is the President. The legislative power is exercised by the State Duma (the Russian Parliament). The capital of Russia is Moscow. It's its largest political, scientific, cultural and industrial centre. It's one of the oldest Russian cities. Moscow was founded in 1147 by Yuri Dolgoruky.

The state symbol of Russia is a three-coloured banner. It has 3 horizontal stripes: white, blue and red. They mean sincerity, honesty and bravery. The other state symbol is the double-headed eagle. The hymn of Russia is “the Patriotic Song”. The music is written by A.Aleksandrov, the lyrics are written by S.Mikhalkov. The Birch Tree is a symbol of Russia too.

Personally, I feel that we all live in a great and rich country. We should be proud ofour long history, rich traditions, unique culture and our Russian spirit.

The Russian Federation (Basic level)

The Russian Federation is the largest country in the world. It covers the eastern part of Europe and the northern part of Asia. The country is washed by 12 seas and 3 oceans: the Pacific, the Arctic and the Atlantic. Russia borders on eighteen states.  It also has a sea-border with the USA and Japan.

There are steppes in the south, plains and forests in the midland, tundra and taiga in the north, highlands and deserts in the east. There are over two million rivers in Russia. The Volga is the biggest river in Europe but it is smaller than great Siberian rivers, the Yenisei and the Ob. Russia is rich in beautiful lakes. The world's deepest lake (1,600 meters) is Lake Baikal.

There are several mountain chains on the territory of the country: the Urals, the Caucasus, the Altai and others. Russia has one-sixth of the world's forests. They are concentrated in the European north of the country, in Siberia and in the Far East. On the vast territory of the country there are various types of climate: arctic, subtropical, temperate and continental. Russia is very rich in oil, coal, iron ore, natural gas, copper, nickel and other mineral resources.

Russia is a parliamentary republic. This means that the Head of State is the President. The legislative power is exercised by the State Duma (the Russian Parliament). The capital of Russia is Moscow. It's its largest political, scientific, cultural and industrial centre. It's one of the oldest Russian cities. Moscow was founded in 1147 by Yuri Dolgoruky.

The state symbol of Russia is a three-coloured banner. It has 3 horizontal stripes: white, blue and red. They mean sincerity, honesty and bravery. The other state symbol is the double-headed eagle. The hymn of Russia is “the Patriotic Song”. The music is written by A. Aleksandrov, the lyrics are written by S. Mikhalkov. The Birch Tree is a symbol of Russia too.

Personally, I feel that we all live in a great and rich country. We should be proud of our long history, rich traditions, unique culture and our Russian spirit.

Natural and man-made disasters Advanced

Nowadays the humanity suffers from a great number of natural and man-made disasters. The scientific and technological progress has changed the life on our planet and, as a result, our natural resources are exhausted, the ecological balance of the planet is disturbed, many species of flora and fauna disappeared, pollution threatens everything alive. Man destroys the environment with arson, oil spills and the use of chemicals. However, the environmental problems are not the only ones. Every year thousands of people die because of natural disasters such as floods, tidal waves, droughts, earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, avalanches, landslides and volcanic eruptions.

A volcanic eruption is very dangerous as it causes massive destruction as well as deaths. At first, a mountain is hit by an earthquake and the top of the mountain is blown off by an explosion. The explosion causes the first casualties. Then the hot ash starts fires which burn vast areas of forest. The volcanic cloud might be so large and dark that it seems day turns into night, forcing airports to close. Mud from the volcano runs down the mountainside and fills rivers, causing flooding. People are forced to leave their homes as the water continues to rise.

Volcanic eruptions are usually caused by earthquakes. The Earth’s surface is actually made up of huge tectonic plates that are in constant motion. Whenever there is a sudden movement between two plates we feel an earthquake. The destruction earthquakes cause can be devastating. They have the ability to make entire cities come crashing down.

 What’s worse is that in some parts of the world, earthquakes are the direct cause of another natural disaster: tsunami. A tsunami is a series of waves of enormous size and speed. A large tsunami might reach over a hundred feet in height and can travel more than 1000 feet inland, destroying everything in its path. People living in low-lying areas are most vulnerable to this disaster which can take lives and make people homeless.

 A flood is a widely occurring natural disaster that has many causes. Floods can be the result of hurricanes, tsunamis or heavy rains, but they can also occur when dams or levees that protect low-lying areas break, letting loose a large amount of water. Floods not only ruin homes, but can also contaminate the land by spreading hazardous materials.

Hurricanes are very powerful spiraling tropical storms that begin in warm sea waters and have wind speeds of at least 74 miles per hour. Hurricanes can cause storm surges, where sea levels rise dramatically. Tornadoes, or whirlwinds, are similar, but begin over land.

A landslide is another type of natural disaster that can vary from falling rocks to large portions of land breaking off of a steep slope. Landslides generally happen as a result of heavy rains or earthquakes which can weaken soil and make it give way to gravity.

Avalanches are similar to landslides but they happen in snowy areas. Skiers and hikers are often responsible for triggering them. Avalanches are most likely to occur just after a snowstorm or when the weather suddenly warms up making the snowpack weak and likely to collapse. 

If a natural disaster strikes some place, lots of people help survivors. Rescue workers pick up casualties and survivors by helicopter, move them away from the dangerous area and take them to hospital if necessary. Sometimes Red Cross doctors treat the injured. Volunteers build shelters, fire-fighters put out the fires and other countries send emergency medical supplies. The government gives money to help pay for the rebuilding of the houses which have been destroyed while survivors are trying to get over the shock.

 I think the biggest problem with natural disasters is that we can’t predict and avoid them in time. However, advances in technologies can make us safer as we develop new methods of prediction and better defenсes. In the decades to come, technology will play a crucial role in saving lives and reducing the impact of natural disasters, making mankind more resilient to nature’s forces.

Natural and man-made disasters (Basic level)

Nowadays the humanity suffers from a great number of natural and man-made disasters. Man destroys the environment with arson, oil spills and the use of chemicals. What’s more, every year thousands of people die because of natural disasters such as floods, tidal waves, droughts, earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, avalanches, landslides and volcanic eruptions.

A volcanic eruption is very dangerous as it causes massive destruction as well as deaths. The explosion causes the first casualties. Then the hot ash starts fires which burn vast areas of forest. Mud from the volcano fills rivers, causing flooding. People are forced to leave their homes as the water continues to rise.

Volcanic eruptions are usually caused by earthquakes. The Earth’s surface is actually made up of huge tectonic plates that are in constant motion. Whenever there is a sudden movement between two plates we feel an earthquake. The destruction earthquakes cause can be devastating.

 What’s more, earthquakes cause tsunamis. A tsunami is a series of waves of enormous size and speed. A large tsunami can take lives and make people homeless.

Floods can be the result of hurricanes, tsunamis or heavy rains, but they can also occur when dams or levees that protect low-lying areas break. Floods ruin homes and contaminate the land by spreading hazardous materials.

Hurricanes are very powerful tropical storms that begin in warm sea waters. Hurricanes can cause storm surges, where sea levels rise dramatically. Tornadoes are similar, but begin over land.

A landslide is another type of natural disaster that can vary from falling rocks to large portions of land breaking off of a steep slope. Avalanches are similar to landslides but they happen in snowy areas. Skiers and hikers are often responsible for triggering them.

If a natural disaster strikes some place, lots of people help survivors. Rescue workers pick up casualties and survivors by helicopter, and take them to hospital if necessary. Sometimes Red Cross doctors treat the injured. Volunteers build shelters, fire-fighters put out the fires and other countries send emergency medical supplies. The government gives money to help pay for the rebuilding of the houses while survivors are trying to get over the shock.

 I think the biggest problem with natural disasters is that we can’t predict and avoid them in time. However, advances in technologies can make us safer as we develop new methods of prediction and better defences.